Antiquity refers to the architecture of ancient Greece and Rome. Ancient Greek architecture, which originated on the islands of the Aegean Sea, was so harmonious and integral that it was subsequently perceived by later styles (Renaissance, Classicism, Neoclassicism) as the primary source, as a kind of standard to emulate.
The interiors of rooms in the antique style were decorated with wall painting and wall cladding.
Floors were most often mosaic, later — covered with carpets. The painted coffered ceiling was complemented by relief images, large painted vases and tanagras — small terracotta figurines.
Original Greek furniture has not survived, but reliefs and vase paintings have. Chair forms are simple and served as models for subsequent stylistic forms.
Three main forms: benches, ordinary and ceremonial chairs. Along with simple work tables, there were also low trapezoidal dining tables on three legs shaped like animal paws.
The furnishings of an antique dwelling also included small chests. In the 3rd century BC, furniture made of bronze, decorated with gold and silver and with soft upholstery, appeared in Greece.
Greek ornamentation is characterized by figurative and plant elements, as well as geometric and architectural ones.
A characteristic ornament is the spiral, as well as the wavy line.
In architecture, columns of the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian orders were used, as well as sculpted portraits of famous people, reliefs and bas-reliefs on stone slabs.
Unlike the Egyptians, the Greeks were not religious dogmatists.
They were a talented, cheerful and life-loving people.
They had gods, of course, but these gods were so "humanized" that they possessed all human vices — stupidity, greed, gluttony and the like.
Based on mythology, which naively personified the forces of nature, Greek art was, in essence, quite realistic.
The ancient Romans, being good pupils of the Greeks, not only fully absorbed their heritage but also developed it, supplementing the order system with the Tuscan and Composite orders.
The real achievement of the Romans, however, is that by combining the Greek order, the Italian arch and the cylindrical vault, they invented the arched-order cell (the triumphal arch) and experimented extensively with such a stunningly beautiful form as the dome.
